Introduction: Navigating the Toddler Years with Confidence The toddler years, spanning from the first to the third birthday, are a period of extraordinary transformation. It is a time of first steps, first words, and the blossoming...
Abstract Choking is a leading cause of accidental injury and sudden airway obstruction in infants and can cause brain injury within minutes if airflow is not restored. This paper provides an actionable, evidence-based step-by-step first-...
Executive Summary The most critical takeaway of this report, which should be understood before delving into any other detail, is the non-negotiable threshold for action: a fever in any infant under three months of age is...
Abstract Purpose: This article aims to provide comprehensive, evidence-based guidance on umbilical cord care for newborns, specifically outlining essential "Do's and Don'ts" to prevent infection and promote healthy healing. It seeks...
The arrival of a newborn baby is a moment of immense joy, wonder, and profound responsibility. These tiny beings, while incredibly resilient, are also remarkably vulnerable, especially in their first weeks and months of life. Their delicate systems are still developing, and what might seem like a minor issue in an older chi...
Abstract Newborn sleep patterns are highly variable and undergo rapid evolution during the first few months of life, often presenting a significant source of concern and inquiry for new parents and a common topic in pediatric practice. This medical and he...
Abstract The Apgar score, a rapid and standardized neonatal assessment tool, has been instrumental in evaluating newborn health immediately after birth since its inception in 1952. This paper provides a comprehensive rev...
In African homes, a mother’s instinct is strong—but so is the fear when her baby’s body suddenly feels hot. Picture this: Mama Amina from Kisumu wakes up at 2 a.m., touches her baby’s head, and finds it burning. Her mind races—“Is it malaria? Did I overdress her? Is it teething?”...
